Food product



Patented July 28, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SIDNE MUSHER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND noon rnoimczr No Drawin g.

This invention relates generally to food products and more particularly to a product capable of producing the same physiological reactions and having the same qualities of assimilation asg human breast-milk.

Pediatricians recogr iize the fact that fat intolerance among children is very prevalent and that it is particularly due to the fact that the fatty make-up}: of cows milk does not lend itself to proper assimilation and The fatty constituents ow s milk consists of approximately 32 lein, 2% stearin, 35% palmitin, and 31%} the glycerides of lower fatty acids. These lower glycerides, or volatile fats, are notiyvellf-iassimilated by the system, and, moveover, are the fats which are most likely to causefrancidity, due to the fact that they oxidize far-more readily than any of the other known fats.

The fat of human breast-milk, on the other hand, is composed of the following:

Glycerides Ofi Per cent Stearic acid 4. 9to .6. 3 Palmitic acid 16. 9 to 21. 1 Oleic acid 65. 6 to 86. 7

with a negligible percentage of the glycerides of lower fatty acids.

Thus cows milk differs materially from human breast-milk and can not be substituted therefor in all cases.

Many attempts have been made to modify cows milk to resemble human breast-milk from the standpoint of its chemical pro erties such as the iodine number,-saponi cation number, refractive index, etc., of the fat, rather than of its chemical constituents, but ithas been found that this method does --not produce a product that is physiologi- Application filed February 16, 1929. Serial No. 340,656.

breast-milk; and obviously without this latter essential condition, the attempts must be considered unsuccessful. While it is a very simple process to manipulate chemical constituents of various types of fats in order to produce products of identical chemical properties, they are not necessarily capable of producing the same physiological reactions. It is recognized that fat alone even tho desirable from the standpoint of chemical properties is not necessarily well assimilated.

I have found that a proper mixture of olive oil, and skimmed milk, which altho not identical in chemical composition with human breast-milk, yet has a degree of assimilation quite similar to such milk. The

olive oil which may be obtained in its virgin state is capable of quick assimilation and is hence quite desirable from a hysiological viewpoint. Furthermore, its atty constit-' uents tally more closely with the fat of human breast-milk than any other known vegetable or animal fat. Its relative composition, within slight variations, is as follows:

Glycerides of-- Percent Stearic acid 3 Palmitic acid 19 Oleic acid 78 An object of the invention is to produce a food compound closely resembling human breast-milk.

A further object is to produce a food product which is capable of producing. the same physiological reactions as human breastmilk.

A further object is to produce a food product readily assimilable in the human system.

A still further object is to produce a food compound which has in its fatty constituency those lipolytic enzymes or lipases which aid in its proper digestion and assimilation in the human system.

Other objects will appear in the follow-, ing description:

I mix sln'mmed milk with olive oil so as to produce a total fat content not exceeding the fat nt nt of normal human breastmilk, which is usually about 3.59%. This is accomplished by mixing about 3.29% oilve oil with 96.71% skimmed cows milk, which latter has present about .3% fat.

Homogenizationshould not be resorted to in mixing the olive oil with the skimmed milk, because in a process of beating air into the compound there is a distinct loss in vitamin activity and a deteriorating effect upon the oil due to oxidation. The best means of 'properly mixing the two is by grinding the particles as in a colloid mill.

Upon emulsification of the olive oil with the skimmed milk, the resultant product may be sprayed and thereby put into better form. It has been found that the olive oil would then have better kee ing qualities than olive oil alone. This is ue to the fact that the other protein and sugar constituents surround the particles of fat and protect them from oxidation. Milk itself, being an oil-in-water emulsion, upon drying surrounds the oil and keeps itaway from air and consequent oxidation.

It is desirable in certain instances to add glycero-phosphates or lacto-albumins, depending upon the particular need. In every instance, however, I use skimmed milk and render normal the fat content with olive oil.

In order to increase the lecithin, phosphatide' and vitamin D content, such sub,-

stances as egg yolk, powdered egg-yolk or egg-yolk oil may be added in small percenta h The product may likewise be mixe ,with a small percentage of cod-liver oil in order to give it a bi h 'antirachitic .vitamin content as well as e ect an increase in the calcium metabolism.

' It isto'be understood that the invention is not restricted to the use of skimmed milk, since I ma substitute wdered milk wherever a basic compoun containin the proteid structure is desired in addition to fat similar to human breast-milk. This compound ma be made into condensed milks, evgpora milks, and similar products.

11 order to render the product more palatable, a sh ht amount of chocolate or sugar may be ad ed:

The use of olive oil in reference to other fats is further enhanced y the fact that it may be obtained in its virgin or cold-pressed state wherein the lipolytic or fat-splitting enzymes are present, which enzymes are ab-' sent from powdered or pasteurized milk due to their having been rendered inactive by the heat treatment. These enzymes are necessary to efiect proper splitting of fat in' the mtestinal tract and in the subsequent assimilation. One of the chief advantages of human breast-milk is due to the resence therein of those lipolytic enzymes, w 'ch are present in the product formin'gthe present invention.

I may refer to my application" dering.

#238,464 filed December 7, 1927, wherein is described a food product produced by mixing oil-bearing crushed seed or nut with milk. If this is followed with skimmed milk and the sun-dried crushed olive, a food product is produced which, aside from being very similar to human breast-milk, has a number of constituents and minerals which I words, these oils do not resemble the fat of human breast milk. It is therefore to be understood that whenever olive oil is mentioned in the case, it is meant to include only such virgin olive oils resembling the fat of human breast milk in constitution and physiological reactions.

Having described my'invcntion, I claim:

1. A food product comprising an emulsion of skimmed milk and a virgin olive oil containing a normal percentage of lipolytic enzymes, such olive oil being present 1n an amoimt not in excess of 3.59%, said product having the same relative percentages of the glyierides of fatty'acids as human breast m1 2. A food product comprising a dry powder emulsion of skimmed milk and virgin olive oil containing its normal percentage of lipolytic enzymes such virgin olive 011 being present in an amount not to exceed 3.59% in the original liquid before pow- SIDNEY MUSHER. 

